As seasons change, fluctuating temperatures and increased sweating can deplete the body’s fluids, leading to a host of health concerns. Among these, kidney stones—a common urological condition—show a marked increase in incidence. These hard deposits, known medically as renal calculi, form in the kidneys, ureters, or bladder, triggering flank pain, blood in the urine (hematuria), and urinary difficulties that can significantly diminish quality of life.
Kidney stones arise when substances like calcium, oxalate, or uric acid in urine fail to dissolve, instead crystallizing into solid masses. During transitional seasons or hot summer months, dehydration concentrates urine, heightening the risk of stone formation. Diets high in salt or protein, frequent alcohol consumption, and lack of physical activity further contribute to this condition.
The onset of kidney stones typically presents with sudden, severe flank pain, which may initially be mistaken for general abdominal discomfort. Small stones may pass naturally with increased fluid intake and medication, but larger stones or those obstructing the ureter can cause intense pain and urinary blockage, requiring swift medical intervention.
Treatment depends on the stone’s size and location. A widely used approach, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), employs targeted shock waves to break stones into smaller fragments that can be expelled through urine. This non-invasive procedure is effective for many patients, though its success varies based on stone characteristics. In some cases, endoscopic surgery or alternative treatments may be necessary.
ESWL remains a standard, minimally invasive option for stone removal, eliminating the need for surgical incisions. However, its applicability hinges on factors like stone size, position, and the patient’s overall health, necessitating a personalized treatment plan.
Prevention is vital, given the high recurrence rate of kidney stones—nearly half of patients face another episode within five years. Drinking at least two liters of water daily and limiting salt and protein intake are key preventive steps. During seasonal transitions, when thirst may be less apparent, maintaining a habit of regular water intake is crucial.
Though common,untreated kidney stones can lead to serious complications such as impaired kidney function or infections. Persistent flank pain, hematuria, or urinary issues should prompt an immediate visit to a healthcare provider for accurate diagnosis and timely treatment.
Kim Kuk Ju, HEALTH IN NEWS TEAM
press@hinews.co.kr
