HUS is notoriously difficult to diagnose early because its initial symptoms mimic those of gastroenteritis. Conventional diagnostic methods, such as blood tests or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), are time-consuming and require skilled personnel, limiting their practicality for rapid, on-site testing.
The research teams utilized graphene, a next-generation material known for its exceptional electrical conductivity and sensitivity, to create a biosensor that can detect toxins at femtogram (fg, 10⁻¹⁵g) levels. Unlike existing methods, this sensor requires no fluorescent markers or complex preprocessing, relying solely on changes in electrical signals for detection.

In animal studies, the biosensor accurately identified low concentrations of toxins that traditional tests struggled to detect, demonstrating both reliability and speed. The technology holds promise not only for early HUS diagnosis but also for curbing infectious disease outbreaks and improving patient survival rates.
The findings were published in the international journal Biosensors and Bioelectronics. The research was supported by South Korea’s Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Ministry of Science and ICT, the National NanoFab Center, and key initiatives of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology.
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